The world nations have now chalked out sustainable development goals to ensure that the world is a more peaceful, prosperous place with equity for all.
As the current year turns off on December 31, the nations of the world will start following a new Agenda for development which is Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with a target year set at 2030. These follow Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) which were pursued since conference at Rio (Brazil). The SDGs are an inter-governmentally agreed set of targets relating to international development.
The Heads of States and the members of the United Nations who gathered to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the UN at New York adopted the new 17 goals and committed themselves to achieve the target of ending poverty, hunger, improving health and education, making cities more sustainable, combating the climate change, and protecting oceans and forests. They have set 169 goals to be achieved by 2030.
The Intergovernmental Negotiations on the Post 2015 Development Agenda (IGN) began in January 2015 and ended in August 2015. Following the negotiations, a final document was adopted at the UN Sustainable Development Summit on September 25″27, 2015. The title of the agenda is Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
17 Sustainable Goals
- End poverty in all its forms everywhere. (Currently poverty is defined as people who live on an income of $1.25 (Rs. 80) a day.
- End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture
- Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages
- Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all
- Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls
- Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all
- Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all
- Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all
- Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation
- Reduce inequality within and among countries
- Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
- Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns
- Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts*
- Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development
- Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss
- Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels
- Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development
Targets for 2030 AD
Health
- To, reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100,000 live births
- To end preventable deaths of newborns and children under 5 years of age, with all countries aiming to reduce neonatal mortality to at least as low as 12 per 1,000 live births and under-5 mortality to at least as low as 25 per 1,000 live births
- To end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and neglected tropical diseases and combat hepatitis, water-borne diseases and other communicable diseases
- To halve the number of global deaths and injuries from road traffic accidents
Education
- To ensure that all girls and boys complete free, equitable and quality primary and secondary education leading to relevant and effective learning outcomes
- To substantially increase the number of youth and adults who have relevant skills, including technical and vocational skills, for employment, decent jobs and entrepreneurship
- To substantially increase the supply of qualified teachers, including through international cooperation for teacher training in developing countries
- To ensure women’s full and effective participation and equal opportunities for leadership at all levels of decision-making in political, economic and public life
- To enhance the use of enabling technology, in particular information and communications technology, to promote the empowerment of women
- To expand international cooperation and capacity-building support to developing countries in water- and sanitation-related activities and programmes, including water harvesting, desalination, water efficiency, wastewater treatment, recycling and reuse technologies
Energy
- Ensure universal access to affordable, reliable and modern energy services
- Increase substantially the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix
- Double the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency
- To enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology
Economic Growth
- To sustain per capita economic growth in accordance with national circumstances and, in particular, at least 7% GDP growth per annum in the least developed countries
Infrastructure
- To Enhance scientific research, upgrade the technological capabilities of industrial sectors in all countries, in particular developing countries, including,
- To encourage innovation and substantially increase the number of research and development workers per 1 million people and public and private research and development spending
Reducing Inequality
- To progressively achieve and sustain income growth of the bottom 40% of the population at a rate higher than the national average
- To facilitate orderly, safe, regular and responsible migration and mobility of people, including through the implementation of planned and well-managed migration policies
- To reduce to less than 3% the transaction costs of migrant remittances and eliminate remittance corridors with costs higher than 5%.
Sustainable Consumption
- To Implement the 10-year framework of programmes on sustainable consumption and production, all countries taking action, with developed countries taking the lead, taking into account the development and capabilities of developing countries
- To achieve the sustainable management and efficient use of natural resources
- To halve per capita global food waste at the retail and consumer levels and reduce food losses along production and supply chains, including post-harvest losses
Conserving Ocean Resources
- To prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution
- To conserve at least 10% of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information
- To effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices
- To significantly reduce all forms of violence and related death rates everywhere
- To end abuse, exploitation, trafficking and all forms of violence against and torture of children
- To provide legal identity for all, including birth registration
(Note: We have selected only a few among the 169 targets set by the UNDP. For more log on to: https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/post2015/transformingourworld)
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